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1.0 Scope This SOP is applicable for the determination of Biochemical Oxygen demand in waste water. 2.0 Responsibility – Chemist 3.0 Principle The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test is based on mainly bio-assay procedure which Measures the dissolved oxygen consumed by micro-organisms while assimilating and oxidizing the organic matter under aerobic conditions. The standard test…
What is Dissolve oxygen in water Dissolved oxygen (DO) in water refers to the amount of oxygen gas that is present in water and is available for aquatic organisms to breathe. Oxygen dissolves in water through the process of diffusion, which is driven by the concentration gradient between the air and water. The concentration of…
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Nitrite Nitrogen in Water Nitrite nitrogen is a chemical parameter that refers to the amount of nitrite ions present in water. Nitrite is a compound that can form when nitrogen compounds, such as ammonia, are broken down by bacteria in the water. It can also be a byproduct of certain industrial processes. Nitrite nitrogen levels…
Determination of Chlorides in Water Scope This method is applicable to determination of chlorides in water and waste water Principles In a neutral or slightly alkaline solution, potassium chromate can indicate the end point of the silver nitrate titration of chloride. Silver chloride is precipitated before red silver chromate is formed. Interference Bromide. Iodide and…
Determination of Phosphate in water and waste water Scope This SOP is applicable for the determination of phosphate in water and waste water Principle In dilute orthophosphate solution, ammonium molybdate reacts under acid conditions to form a hetropoly acid, molybdo – phosphoric acid. In presence of vanadium, yellow vanadomolybdo – phosphoricacid is formed. The intensity…
SOP for Determination of Free residual Chlorine Scope This SOP is applicable for the determination of free residual Chlorine. Iodometric Method Interference Oxidized forms of manganese and other oxidizing agents interfere. Reducing agents, such as organic sulphides also interfere. Although the neutral titration minimizes the interfering effect of ferric and nitric ions, the acid titration…
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SOP for the determination of Sulphate Scope This SOP is applicable for the determination of sulphate in all type of water and waste water. Principle Sulphate ion is precipitated in hydrochloric acid medium with barium chloride in such a manner as to form barium Sulphate crystals of uniform size. The absorbance of barium Sulphate suspension…
SOP for Determination of Alkalinity Scope These methods are applicable to determine alkalinity in water and wastewater in the range of 10 to 500 mg/l alkalinity as CaCO3. Principle Alkalinity of water is the capacity of that water to accept protons. It may be defined as the quantitative capacity of an aqueous medium to react…
SOP for the determination of Total Hardness Scope These SOP is applicable for the determination of total hardness and calcium hardness in water. Principle of Total Hardness: This method is depends on ability of EDTA to form stable complexes with calcium and magnesium ions. When the dye Eriochrome black T (EBT) is added to a…
SOP for Determination of Total Suspended Solids Scope This method is for the determination of total suspended solid in water. Principle Non filterable residue is determined by passing the sample through a weighed filter and drying the filter at 103 – 105 deg c. OR 179 – 181 deg c. non filterable residue is calculated…
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